Evaluation of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin Vitamin D, Vitamin B12, and Folate Levels in Patients with Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

Abstract

Aim: This study aimed to compare 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH Vit D), vitamin B12, and folic acid levels in patients presenting with vertigo diagnosed with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) and healthy volunteer control group without vertigo, and to examine whether they are disease-associated.

Materials and Methods: A total of 190 patients who applied between October to December 2019 diagnosed with BPPV and 149 volunteers without any complaints (control group), who came only for checkup, were included in the study. Serum 25-OH Vit D, vitamin B12, and folic acid levels of all participants were examined.

Results: Of all participants, 209 (61.6%) were male and 130 (38.4%) were female. Out of 94 participants, 25-OH Vit D level was found to be at low levels. Of participants with low 25-OH Vit D levels, 65 (69.1%) were in the BPPV group and 29 (30.9%) were in the control group. Of all participants, 68 had low folic acid levels, wherein 33 (48.5%) were in the control group and 35 (51.5%) were in the BPPV group. The level of vitamin B12 of 2 participants among all participants was below normal values and these 2 participants were in the BPPV group.

Conclusion: In our study, any significant relationship was not found between BPPV and serum vitamin B12 and serum folic acid levels. A significant relationship was determined between BPPV and decreased serum 25-OH Vit D level (p<0.01). We identified that low serum 25-OH Vit D levels may be an independent risk factor in the progress of BPPV.